Quarantine!

It is unclear if New York or some other state will resort to more serious measures, such as mandatory quarantines. But can the government quarantine someone against their will?

The short answer is probably “yes.”

Chief political advisor to both political parties

“Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.” -First Amendment to the Constitution

New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo (D) announced on Tuesday that the state would create a “containment area” in the city of New Rochelle, hoping to contain the spread of Covid-19, the coronavirus disease. The epicenter of this area is a synagogue believed to be connected to several cases of the disease. For now, the state plans to close gathering spaces near the synagogue.

It is unclear if New York or some other state will resort to more serious measures, such as mandatory quarantines. But can the government quarantine someone against their will?

The short answer is probably “yes.”

The federal government also has some power to apprehend individuals who may be infected with a communicable disease that could trigger a public health emergency, but this power is largely restricted to those entering the country or crossing a state border.

The Constitution prohibits both federal and state governments from denying anyone “life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.”

But the contours of this right to “due process” is not particularly well defined, at least in the context of quarantines.

Welcome to a fairy tale world folks;
“When I use a word,” Humpty Dumpty said, in rather a scornful tone, “it means just what I choose it to mean—neither more nor less.” “The question is,” said Alice, “whether you can make words mean so many different things.” “The question is,” said Humpty Dumpty, “which is to be master—that’s all.” –Lewis Carroll “Alice through the looking glass”



It is written


Genesis 41

1At the end of two years, Pharaoh had a dream: he was standing beside the Nile River;

2and there came up out of the river seven cows, sleek and fat; and they began feeding in swamp grass.

3After them, there came up out of the river seven more cows, miserable-looking and lean; and they stood by the other cows at the edge of the river.

4Then the miserable-looking and lean cows ate up the seven sleek, fat cows. At this point Pharaoh woke up.

5But he went to sleep again and dreamt a second time: seven full, ripe ears of grain grew out of a single stalk.

6After them, seven ears, thin and blasted by the east wind, sprang up.

7And the thin ears swallowed up the seven full, ripe ears. Then Pharaoh woke up and realized it had been a dream.

8In the morning he found himself so upset that he summoned all the magicians of Egypt and all its wise men. Pharaoh told them his dreams, but no one there could interpret them for him.

9Then the chief cupbearer said to Pharaoh, “Today reminds me of something wherein I am at fault:

10Pharaoh was angry with his officials and put me in the prison of the house of the captain of the guard, me and the chief baker.

11One night both I and he had dreams, and each man’s dream had its own meaning.

12There was with us a young man, a Hebrew, a servant of the captain of the guard; and we told him our dreams, and he interpreted them for us — he interpreted each man’s dream individually.

13And it came about as he interpreted to us — I was restored to my office, and he was hanged.”

14Then Pharaoh summoned Yosef, and they brought him quickly out of the dungeon. He shaved himself, changed his clothes, and came in to Pharaoh.

15Pharaoh said to Yosef, “I had a dream, and there is no one who can interpret it; but I’ve heard it said about you that when you hear a dream, you can interpret it.”

16Yosef answered Pharaoh, “It isn’t in me. God will give Pharaoh an answer that will set his mind at peace.”

17Pharaoh said to Yosef, “In my dream, I stood at the edge of the river;

18and there came up out of the river seven cows, fat and sleek; and they began feeding in the swamp grass.

19After them, there came up out of the river seven more cows, poor, miserable-looking and lean — I’ve never seen such bad-looking cows in all the land of Egypt!

20Then the lean and miserable-looking cows ate up the first seven fat cows.

21But after they had eaten them up, one couldn’t tell that they had eaten them; because they were as miserable-looking as before. At this point I woke up.

22But I dreamed again and saw seven full, ripe ears of grain growing out of a single stalk.

23After them, seven ears, thin and blasted by the east wind, sprang up.

24And the thin ears swallowed up the seven ripe ears. I told this to the magicians, but none of them could explain it to me.”

25Yosef said to Pharaoh, “The dreams of Pharaoh are the same: God has told Pharaoh what he is about to do.

26The seven good cows are seven years, and the seven good ears of grain are seven years — the dreams are the same.

27Likewise the seven lean and miserable-looking cows that came up after them are seven years, and also the seven empty ears blasted by the east wind — there will be seven years of famine.

28This is what I told Pharaoh: God has shown Pharaoh what he is about to do.

29Here it is: there will be seven years of abundance throughout the whole land of Egypt;

30but afterwards, there will come seven years of famine; and Egypt will forget all the abundance. The famine will consume the land,

31and the abundance will not be known in the land because of the famine that will follow, because it will be truly terrible.

32Why was the dream doubled for Pharaoh? Because the matter has been fixed by God, and God will shortly cause it to happen.

33“Therefore, Pharaoh should look for a man both discreet and wise to put in charge of the land of Egypt.

34Pharaoh should do this, and he should appoint supervisors over the land to receive a twenty percent tax on the produce of the land of Egypt during the seven years of abundance.

35They should gather all the food produced during these good years coming up and set aside grain under the supervision of Pharaoh to be used for food in the cities, and they should store it.

36This will be the land’s food supply for the seven years of famine that will come over the land of Egypt, so that the land will not perish as a result of the famine.”

37The proposal seemed good both to Pharaoh and to all his officials.

38Pharaoh said to his officials, “Can we find anyone else like him? The Spirit of God lives in him!”

39So Pharaoh said to Yosef, “Since God has shown you all this — there is no one as discerning and wise as you —

40you will be in charge of my household; all my people will be ruled by what you say. Only when I rule from my throne will I be greater than you.”

41Pharaoh said to Yosef, “Here, I place you in charge of the whole land of Egypt.”

42Pharaoh took his signet ring off his hand and put it on Yosef’s hand, had him clothed in fine linen with a gold chain around his neck

43and had him ride in his second best chariot; and they cried before him, “Bow down!” Thus he placed him in charge of the whole land of Egypt.

44Pharaoh said to Yosef, “I, Pharaoh, decree that without your approval no one is to raise his hand or his foot in all the land of Egypt.”

45Pharaoh called Yosef by the name Tzafnat-Pa‘neach and gave him as his wife Osnat the daughter of Poti-Fera priest of On. Then Yosef went out through all the land of Egypt.

46Yosef was thirty years old when he stood before Pharaoh king of Egypt; then he left Pharaoh’s presence and traveled through all the land of Egypt.

47During the seven years of abundance, the earth brought forth heaps of produce.

48He collected all the food of these seven years in the land of Egypt and stored it in the cities — the food grown in the fields outside each city he stored in that city.

49Yosef stored grain in quantities like the sand on the seashore, so much that they stopped counting, because it was beyond measure.

50Two sons were born to Yosef before the year of famine came; Osnat the daughter of Poti-Fera priest of On bore them to him.

51Yosef called the firstborn M’nasheh [causing to forget], “Because God has caused me to forget all the troubles I suffered at the hands of my family.”

52The second he called Efrayim [fruit], “For God has made me fruitful in the land of my misfortune.”

53The seven years of abundance in the land of Egypt ended;

54and the seven years of famine began to come, just as Yosef had said. There was famine in all lands, but throughout the land of Egypt there was food.

55When the whole land of Egypt started feeling the famine, the people cried to Pharaoh for food, and Pharaoh said to all the Egyptians, “Go to Yosef, and do what he tells you to do.”

56The famine was over all the earth, but then Yosef opened all the storehouses and sold food to the Egyptians, since the famine was severe in the land of Egypt.

57Moreover all countries came to Egypt to Yosef to buy grain, because the famine was severe throughout the earth.



Prayer for Saturday, March 14, 2020

Weary now, I go to rest,
Close my eyes in slumber blest.
Father, may Thy watchful eye
Guard the bed on which I lie.


Müde bin ich, geh’ zur Ruh

Translation by Margaret Loewen Reimer

Müde bin ich, geh’ zur Ruh,
Schliesse meine Augen zu.
Vater, lass die Augen dein
Über meinem Bette sein.

Hab’ ich Unrecht heut’ getan,
Sieh’ es, lieber Gott, nicht an.
Deine Gnad’ und Christi Blut
Macht ja allen Schaden gut.

Alle die mir sind verwandt,
Gott lass ruh’n in Deiner Hand.
Alle Menschen, gross und klein,
Sollen dir befohlen sein.

Kranken Herzen sende Ruh,
Müde Augen schließe zu.
Gott im Himmel halte Wacht, 
Gib uns eine gute Nacht. Amen.

Weary now, I go to rest,
Close my eyes in slumber blest.
Father, may Thy watchful eye
Guard the bed on which I lie.

Wrong I may have done today,
Heed it not, dear God, I pray.
For Thy mercy and Christ slain
Turns all wrong to right again.

May my loved ones, safe from harm,
Rest within Thy sheltering arm.
All Thy children everywhere
Shall find refuge in Thy care.

Send Thy rest to hearts in pain,
Close the weary eyes again.
God in heav’n Thy vigil keep
Grant us all a restful sleep. Amen.



A Badge of Disgrace

They’re so desperate or fearful — or both — that they’re willing to water down who they are to protect the small space they’re standing on.


By Tony Perkins

It’s one of the saddest, most predictable “I-told-you-so” moments of our generation. The Boy Scouts, where future moon walkers and presidents learned the virtues and value of leadership, has finally collapsed. Turns out, the decade of compromise hasn’t been kind to the Scouts, who turned in their moral compass seven years ago to chase the approval of critics it could never win. Now, deep into the BSA’s self-imposed identity crisis, the group is filing for bankruptcy — an unhappy ending we all warned was coming.

For those who knew the Scouts through their proud and honorable days, the demise has been slow and painful. But this is what comes of throwing up your hands on a century of conviction: irrelevance and, ultimately, insolvency. For 103 of its 110 years, the Boy Scouts were a pillar of principle — not that it was easy. As most of us know, the fight to live out your beliefs in this world can be an exhausting one. The Scouts spent years in court just for the freedom to stick to their moral code. They won — but to the organization’s dismay — the battle didn’t end. Waves of LGBT activists kept coming. The pressure built and built until finally, in 2013, under the leadership of Rex Tillerson, headquarters gave into the lie that compromise would be their salvation. Seven years later, the irony is: there’s nothing left to save.

More than a half-decade into this radical experiment, the group that counted Martin Luther King, Jr., George W. Bush, and Buzz Aldrin as members is barely recognizable. A handful of local councils have managed to squeak by on solid reputations, but after the organization opened its arms to kids and leaders who identify as gay or transgender, membership became anemic. Then in a failed effort to fill the ranks they began recruiting girls, which not only angered its base — but pitted the organization in a legal war with Girl Scouts USA. Now, a program that used to be America’s finest, is knee-deep in Chapter 11.

If you’re wondering where raising a white flag on core values leads, this is it. The Scouts are a case study in moral compromise — the story of anyone who exchanges the truth for cowardly conformism. Leaders at the BSA dropped their moral mandate to accommodate what they don’t believe. In the current climate, that’s called “inclusion.” To everyone else, it’s considered betrayal.

Right now, too many churches, Christian colleges, even businesses are dangerously close to making the same mistake. They’re so desperate or fearful — or both — that they’re willing to water down who they are to protect the small space they’re standing on. There’s just one problem: the gospel’s truth isn’t up for negotiation. And in their rush to soften the blow of its confrontation, some believers are selling out their identity as followers of Jesus.

Christians in Paul’s time were no different. Like humans throughout history, they craved acceptance. “I am astonished,” he wrote to the Galatians, “that you are so quickly deserting the one who called you to live in the grace of Christ and are turning to a different gospel — which is really no gospel at all. Evidently, some people are throwing you into confusion and are trying to pervert the gospel of Christ… Am I now trying to win the approval of human beings or of God? …If I were still trying to please people, I would not be a servant of Christ.”

The Boy Scouts wandered so far away from who they are that by the end of 2016, they even dropped their most defining characteristic: boys. In the end, it ruined them. That’s the destiny of any Christian who takes the naïve view that world can be placated. It can’t. True love, I Corinthians 13:6 tells us, is truth. It’s being salt and light in a draining, hostile, unforgiving culture. “Come out from them and be separate,” Paul urged, because he understands that in the end, it’s not our sameness with the world that transforms people. It’s our distinction of standing on truth in their midst. That may not be easy — but, as the Boy Scouts are finding out, it’s a whole lot better than the alternative.



Discrimination -separating the boys from the girls

…regard the degree to which people have internalized ‘transphobia’ as a modern-day blasphemy against this religion, a heresy against the church of trans


An activist politician in Great Britain, Dawn Butler, recently remarked that ‘a child is born without sex’. is certainly one of the most bizarre things said by a politician in my lifetime. It is surprising that it hasn’t attracted more derision than it deserves.

The transgender myth – that one’s actual sex, not one’s gender, is entirely of one’s own choosing – is firmly embedded as the definitive popular delusion of the 21st century.

My theory is that it is the consequence of what might be called the Discrimination Dialectic. Our society is constantly at war with itself between two conflicting imperatives: the need to have an Other (every culture needs one) who we can define ourselves against and be mean about, and our more contemporary, and culturally specific, progressive imperative to ceaselessly end discrimination against minorities and erstwhile Others. This dialectic involves identifying, or maybe even inventing, the next Other in order to emancipate them.


When I was very younger it was still acceptable to be a misogynist – television comedians still made jokes about wives and mothers-in-law – and it was acceptable in certain circles to be racist. Homophobia was even more mainstream well into the 1980s, when ‘poof’ and ‘homo’ were unremarkable playground insults.

Going back further,to my young adulthood, misogyny, racism and homophobia were all pretty mainstream in the 1960s. They are all taboo today.

Most people under 30 probably don’t even know that Irish jokes were commonplace until the 1980s. So what discriminated Other should our society campaign for now? What minority can we be progressive about now?

Why, Trans people, of course.

It is owing to our culture’s cult of progress, and the liberal-left’s compulsion of forever ending discrimination, that the trans movement has captured the democratic socialists so virulently.

While Butler’s remark raised few eyebrows, a recent statement by the London mayor, Sadiq Khan, raised none, when he asserted that ‘Trans women are women. Trans men are men.’

Another transparent falsehood. A trans woman is a man… and a trans man is a woman. Unless they have had radical surgery they only need to look into their underwear for physical proof.

Transgenderism is a powerful myth, which explains how it demands some curious mental gymnastics and strange doctrines.

First was the notion that by having cosmetic surgery you can change your sex. (You can’t, because you can’t change your chromosomes or biology. I never have and never will menstruate or give birth.)

Then came the idea that you can change your sex through performative utterance, by merely declaring you have done so. And now comes the literally – literally – unreal dogma that babies have no sex.
Most people, especially those of a woke persuasion, like to ridicule Christians who believe the the creation story of the Bible. Democrat-Socialists find them irritating, because of what the “woke folk” see as their, (Christians), wilful, wanton resistance to accept the overwhelming scientific evidence that there are more than two sexes.

True trans believers have become intolerable for exactly the same reason: their flight from reality and denial of not just science, but also what is staring them in the face. You don’t even need a doctor to tell what sex a baby is.

The trans movement began as an extension of the gay-rights movement. But since gays are nearly totally accepted now, it has usurped it. It has since morphed into something more uncanny: a modern-day cult.

It’s an ersatz new religion, hence the doctrine among its believers that ‘transphobia’ is a most grievous transgression.

Look, too, at the way people demand that strangers use pronouns of their choosing. And regard the degree to which people have internalized ‘transphobia’ as a modern-day blasphemy against this religion, a heresy against the church of trans, with so many people terrified to speak openly and honestly about it.

It is nothing more than a case of hysteria, a modern-day delusion, a phenomenon that one day will – or should – be studied alongside witch-hunts and alien abductions.”



Japan approves first human-animal embryo experiments

Human–animal hybrid embryos have been made in countries such as the United States, but never brought to term. Although the country allows this kind of research, the National Institutes of Health has had a moratorium on funding such work since 2015.


Until March, Japan explicitly forbade the growth of animal embryos containing human cells beyond 14 days or the transplant of such embryos into a surrogate uterus. That month, Japan’s education and science ministry issued new guidelines allowing the creation of human–animal embryos that can be transplanted into surrogate animals and brought to term.

The ultimate aim of the research is to use animals, such as pigs, to grow organs that can be transplanted into humans. The relaxed regulations would allow Hiromitsu Nakauchi, a stem-cell biologist at Stanford University in California and the University of Tokyo, to pursue experiments in Japan that he has planned for more than a decade, pending ethical approval. Nakauchi has created pig embryos that are genetically altered so that they cannot produce a pancreas, and he plans to insert induced pluripotent stem cells into the embryos. These cells are obtained by reprogramming human cells so that they revert to an embryonic-like state from which they can form other cell types. The hope is that the stem cells will develop into a pancreas composed mainly of human cells as the embryo develops.

Hiromitsu Nakauchi, who leads teams at the University of Tokyo and Stanford University in California, also plans to grow human cells in mouse and rat embryos and then transplant those embryos into surrogate animals. Nakauchi’s ultimate goal is to produce animals with organs made of human cells that can, eventually, be transplanted into people.

Human–animal hybrid embryos have been made in countries such as the United States, but never brought to term. Although the country allows this kind of research, the National Institutes of Health has had a moratorium on funding such work since 2015.

A team led by developmental biologist Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California, used CRISPR gene-editing technology to create mouse embryos without the genes that cause organs to form. The scientists then injected rat stem cells into the mouse embryos and implanted the embryos into a mouse’s uterus.

Now for a little history lesson.

Unit 731 was set up in 1938 in Japanese-occupied China with the aim of developing biological weapons. It also operated a secret research and experimental school in Shinjuku, central Tokyo. Its head was Lieutenant Shiro Ishii.

The unit was supported by Japanese universities and medical schools which supplied doctors and research staff.

For 40 years, the horrific activities of “Unit 731” remained one the most closely guarded secrets of World War II. It was not until 1984 that Japan acknowledged what it had long denied – vile experiments on humans conducted by the unit in preparation for germ warfare.

Deliberately infected with plague, anthrax, cholera and other pathogens, an estimated 3,000 of enemy soldiers and civilians were used as guinea pigs. Some of the more horrific experiments included vivisection without anesthesia and pressure chambers to see how much a human could take before his eyes popped out.

It is said that those who refuse to learn from history are doomed to repeat it. It is possible that there are enough safeguards in place to prevent unethical practices in this research, but two questions remain; “Unit 731 has been active for the last 75 years do they now have legitimacy” and; “I wonder where they are going to get the “surrogate uterus”?

It seems as though the only lessons we have learned from history is that we have not learned any lessons from history.



What if?

Our currently dysfunctional medical system is woefully unprepared to face a situation of this magnitude before there are even that many people looking for help.


We are now between a rock and a hard place regarding the COVID-19 virus.

Most likely this scare is just mostly about the media and the Democrats working hard to discredit President Trump. Hopefully things will turn out to be another molehill instead of a mountain.

I would be willing to bet that all of the media hype is selling a lot of newspapers, and a lot of airtime. Those that are involved with it probably have seen advertising rates go up. Viewership is probably up as people want to get the latest news. Panic and fear are great for business.

I am not taking it lightly. I just want an honest, and unbiased analysis. Buzz words for me are “May” and “Could”. As the media parade all their “experts” in front of you how many times do they say “this may happen” “this could cause”. It is an opinion just like any other.Hopefully this virus is just one more flavor of an upper respiratory infection that’s a bit nastier that your average head cold. The key word here is HOPEFULLY.

But, what if it’s not?

Simply look at China for an example. Long lines, people not getting treated, people in makeshift hospitals in sports arenas, locking people in buildings and feeding them by bucket and rope, etc., etc.

Some 328 immigrants from China have been caught crossing the border illegally so far this year, according to Homeland Security data that raises the prospect a coronavirus carrier could sneak into the country via the U.S.-Mexico border.

Three other people from South Korea — another country with rapidly spreading cases — have also been arrested at the border, as have 122 people from the Dominican Republican, where the coronavirus has now been detected.

All told, more than 1,000 migrants a day are caught attempting to sneak in illegally from Mexico, which detected its first case last week, and since has identified five others.

The International Housewares Association on Monday, March 2, 2020, announced the decision to cancel the annual trade-only event, The Inspired Home Show, which was scheduled for March 14-17 and was expected to attract 2,200 exhibitors from 45 countries. The show was expected to bring $77 million in spending to Chicago, including on hotels, restaurants, transportation and entertainment.

Natural Products Expo West, a food show set to start last week in Anaheim, Calif., announced that it would be postponed, with a new date announced by mid-April, after dozens of companies including Kraft Heinz, which is co-headquartered in Chicago and Pittsburgh, pulled out.

Is everything hunky-dory or is the sky falling? The information we are getting is muddled, at best.

Consider the situation in the large metropolitan areas of California that have been inundated with illegals and homeless. They have little if any sanitation. There is garbage and human fecal material piled up on the streets. People are living in temporary shelters in hobo jungle like conditions reminiscent of third world countries.

On Thursday, March 5, 2020, the Grand Princess cruise ship carrying some 2,500 passengers who may have been exposed to the coronavirus was scheduled to dock. What will happen to those aboard when the Grand Princess arrives remains unclear.

Our currently dysfunctional medical system is woefully unprepared to face a situation of this magnitude before there are even that many people looking for help.

Here’s the thing. Even if 100% of all medical personnel stay put, the hospitals will probably not be able to treat you unless you’re really sick. Even then maybe not. If you have something else like a heart attack, or car accident, you may die due to lack of medical care that may have saved you prior to this event. Assume the medical community may not get to you.

It would be just plain dumb to go running to a hospital in a pandemic, you will be exposing yourself to a huge dose of the primary disease, plus gobs of other stuff. What you will get is VERY poor care. How long could a hospital even be able to feed a massive number of sick, when the trucks quit running, maybe the water stops flowing, and sewers back up because ALL workers are either sick or just staying home looking after their own.

So listen to the everything is fine crowd or look at what’s actually happening. It’s probably somewhere in between.

Expect to be locked down in your home for a month and expect them to ignore you if you say you are sick until symptoms are bad enough that you require specialized hospital care. Then hope there is someone there to give it and the beds aren’t full. You’ll get to wait in the ER or hospital hallways with the other really sick.

We all saw this in China. Since 80% of people who catch it don’t get a bad version of it, expect to be stuck at home while you have it and the government to ignore you and not test for it while you rest and get over it on your own.

In short, prepare.




Some say that it’s mucus, but it’s snot!

With ongoing flu and emerging virus, most deaths are from infected mucous filling lungs. Nearly a hundred years ago, physical therapists began using gravity to help clear lungs, saving lives from flu & pneumonia, and helping other COPD issues.


Disclaimer: I am not advising anyone on how to treat their problems. This is purely an FYI on how to treat some people with these issues.

Postural drainage is done by positioning your body so that your head is lower than your chest. This allows mucus to drain better from the bottom of your lungs. Postural drainage is one way to help treat breathing problems due to swelling and too much mucus in the airways of the lungs. Chest physical therapy or postural drainage and percussion, uses gravity and percussion (clapping on the chest and/or back) to loosen the thick, sticky mucus in the lungs so it can be removed by coughing. Unclogging the airways is key to keeping your lungs healthy.

With ongoing flu and emerging virus, most deaths are from infected mucous filling lungs. Nearly a hundred years ago, physical therapists began using gravity to help clear lungs, saving lives from flu & pneumonia, and helping other COPD issues. Simply position yourself to orient bronchial tubes to gravity-drain. Pic above shows simplified method…

During this, perform a few pursed-lip blows: inhale only to just half-fill lungs, then purse lips as if blowing out a candle and exhale. As long as you can to totally empty lungs.

Do three of these. Spend 2-3 minutes in each position. Junk will gravity-flow high enough to cough up… and it can be a mess (you want that).

For more “in-depth” information click this link to Jade Health



Prayer for Saturday, March 7, 2020


Matthew 4:7

Jesus said to him, “Again it is written, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’”

As in his response to the first temptation in Matthew 4:4 Jesus again responds by quoting scripture. This quotation comes from Deuteronomy 6:16 a verse that comes two chapters before that quoted in 4:4. As with the earlier quotation it uses the exact translation found in the Septuagint. In this section of Deuteronomy Moses is instructing the Israelites on proper behaviour. In full Deuteronomy 6:16 reads “Do not test the Lord your God as you did at Massah.” This is a reference to the events of Exodus 17:5 where the Israelites wandering in the desert doubted God was with them (cf. Psalm 95:9; Numbers 14:22ff). This passage is thus seen as the clearest evidence that the temptation narrative shows how Jesus avoided making the same errors as the Israelites. The quoting of Moses’ dictate is also seen as a rejection of Antinomianism. Satan had originally quoted from Psalms, but Fortna notes that Jesus replies with a more fundamental verse by quoting from the Torah.